Tag: kernel

How To Prevent Yum Upgrade Kernel On CentOS / Red Hat

You can prevent yum command from updating the Kernel permanently by following the simple steps.

Option #1: Edit /etc/yum.conf file

Use a text editor such as vi to edit /etc/yum.conf:

# vi /etc/yum.conf

Append/modify exclude directive line under [main] section, enter:

exclude=kernel*

Save and close the file. Try, updating the system without updating the Linux kernel:

# yum -y update

This is a permanent option, so you don’t need pass the -x option to yum command.

Option #2: Pass the -x option to prevent yum from updating kernel
The syntax is as follows to skip update on command line itself:

# yum -x 'kernel*' update

On Red Hat Enterprise Linux

The up2date command in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4 excludes kernel updates by default. The yum in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 includes kernel updates by default.
To skip installing or updating kernel or other packages while using the yum update utility in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 and 6, use following options
Temporary solution via Command line:

# yum update --exclude=PACKAGENAME

For example, to exclude all kernel related packages:

# yum update --exclude=kernel*

To make permanent changes, edit the /etc/yum.conf file and following entries to it:

[main]
cachedir=/var/cache/yum/$basearch/$releasever
keepcache=0
debuglevel=2
logfile=/var/log/yum.log
exclude=kernel* redhat-release*

Related Article: Prevent Yum From Upgrading The Kernel | Exclude kernel or other packages from getting updated in Red Hat Enterprise

How to disable IPv6 on Linux CentOS or RHEL 7

There are 2 ways to do this:

  1. Disable IPv6 in kernel module (requires reboot)
  2. Disable IPv6 using sysctl settings (no reboot required)

To verify if IPv6 is enabled or not, execute :

# ifconfig -a | grep inet6

inet6 fe80::211:aff:fe6a:9de4 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10[host]

Disable IPv6 in kernel module (requires reboot)

1) Edit /etc/default/grub and add ipv6.disable=1 in line

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX, e.g.:

# vi /etc/default/grub

GRUB_TIMEOUT=5
GRUB_DEFAULT=saved
GRUB_DISABLE_SUBMENU=true
GRUB_TERMINAL_OUTPUT=”console”
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=”ipv6.disable=1 crashkernel=auto rhgb quiet”
GRUB_DISABLE_RECOVERY=”true”

2) Regenerate a GRUB configuration file and overwrite existing one:

# grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg

3) Restart system and verify no line “inet6” in “ip addr show” command output.

# shutdown -r now
 

# ip addr show | grep net6

Disable IPv6 using sysctl settings (no reboot required)

1) Append below lines in /etc/sysctl.conf:

net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6 = 1
net.ipv6.conf.default.disable_ipv6 = 1

NOTE : To disable IPv6 on a single interface add below lines to /etc/sysctl.conf :
net.ipv6.conf.[interface].disable_ipv6 = 1 ### put interface name here [interface]
net.ipv6.conf.default.disable_ipv6 = 1

2) To make the settings affective, execute :

# sysctl -p

NOTE : make sure the file /etc/ssh/sshd_config contains the line AddressFamily inet to avoid breaking SSH Xforwarding if you are using the sysctl method

3) Add the AddressFamily line to sshd_config :

# vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config
 ....
 AddressFamily inet
 ....
 Restart sshd for changes to get get effect :

# systemctl restart sshd

Related Articles: CentOS / RHEL 7 : How to disable IPv6